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Volume 11, Issue 2 (March-April 2017)
IJT 2017, 11(2): 1-6 |
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Emami A, Mousavi Z, Ramezani V, Shoeibi S, Rastegar H, Amirahmadi M et al . Residue Levels and Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Pistachio Nuts in Iran. IJT 2017; 11 (2) :1-6
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-536-en.html
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-536-en.html
Azadeh Emami1 
, Zahra Mousavi * 2, Vahid Ramezani3 , Shahram Shoeibi4 , Hossein Rastegar5 , Maryam Amirahmadi6 , Iman Emami7
, Zahra Mousavi * 2, Vahid Ramezani3 , Shahram Shoeibi4 , Hossein Rastegar5 , Maryam Amirahmadi6 , Iman Emami7
1- MSc of Toxicology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran. , moosavi.z@iaups.ac.ir
3- PhD of Pharmaceutics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
4- PhD of Food Chemistry, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
5- PhD of Pharmacology, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
6- PhD of Toxicology, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
7- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yazd, Branch Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
2- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran. , moosavi.z@iaups.ac.ir
3- PhD of Pharmaceutics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
4- PhD of Food Chemistry, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
5- PhD of Pharmacology, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
6- PhD of Toxicology, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
7- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yazd, Branch Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
Abstract: (5651 Views)
Background: Pistachio is one of the main nutrients, not only as a strategic crop but also as a main type of nut, in Iranians’ food cycle. The aim of this study was to measure the relative safety of Iranian pistachio based on the standard pesticide’s residue limits, which should be monitored and assessed in the cultivation of pistachio in order to confirm its public health.
Methods: Fifty samples of pistachios of different brands were collected from Tehran markets in 2015. QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) sampling method was used in order to determine the pesticide’s residue in the pistachio nuts by Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC/MS).The method was validated with related parameters. Recovery took place at five concentration rates (n=3) ranging from 81.40% to 93.08% with the majority of RelativeStandard Deviation being lower than 20%. Limits of detection and quantification for all the pesticides were 2µg/kg and10µg/kg, respectively. The validated method seemed to be appropriate for the analysis of pesticide’s residue in pistachio nuts. The pesticide’s residue was analyzed in 50 pistachio samples obtained from different markets.
Results: Identified pesticides included fenitrothion, carbaryl and diazinon. Detectable pesticide’s residue existed in 10% (5 samples) of the samples.
Conclusion: All the results were compared with the Iran’s National Standards and the European Maximum Residue Limits. As compared to the acceptable daily intake, the calculated daily intake of each pesticide was much lower than the standard level, which could not cause any public health problem.
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The Iranian Journal of Toxicology
Arak University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the Iranian Society of Toxicology
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