en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Background</strong>: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders in humans, and its first-line medication is metformin. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR&ndash;&gamma;) agonists are the adjuncts to metformin. Bavachinin is a PPAR pan-agonist with fewer side effects than metformin&quot; into PPAR&ndash;&gamma; agonists. In this study, the synergistic effects of metformin and Bavachinin were investigated on type II diabetic rats.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: After four weeks of a high fat and glucose diet, type II diabetes was induced in 28 male Wistar rats, using injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. The animals were distributed into five groups of seven each: 1) Normal control (N), 2) Diabetic control (D), 3) Diabetic rats receiving metformin (DM), 4) Bavachinin (DB), and 5) Metformin plus Bavachinin (DMB). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment of &beta;-cell function (HOMA-&beta;), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were obtained.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: The OGTT results in DM, DB, and DMB groups were significantly improved compared to that of D group. The FBG levels were significantly lower in DMB than in DB, DM, and D groups. The FINS levels of DMB were significantly less than those of DB, DM, and D groups. The HOMA-IR and HOMA-&beta; were comparable between DMB and N groups. The ISI improved significantly in DMB compared to those in DM, DB, and D groups.<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Bavachinin may be used combined with metformin for the treatment of type II diabetes at lower doses of metformin, thus having fewer side effects.<br> &nbsp;</div> Bavachinin, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Insulin resistance, Metabolic syndrome, metformin 79 86 http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-833-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Sara Khosraviani Sara.khosro@gmail.com 100319475328460014689 100319475328460014689 No Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Ali Emami ali.tom7@yahoo.com 100319475328460014690 100319475328460014690 No Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Samaneh Keshavarz Hedayati samaneh_1363@yahoo.com 100319475328460014691 100319475328460014691 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran. Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz sanaz.ks_023@yahoo.com 100319475328460014692 100319475328460014692 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Qazvin, Iran. Ehsan Aali en.aali@gmail.com 100319475328460014693 100319475328460014693 No Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Qazvin, Iran. Yazdan Naderi y.naderi@qums.ac.ir 100319475328460014694 100319475328460014694 Yes Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. Qazvin, Iran.