en عمومى General كاربردي Applicable <span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Background and Aim: </span></b><span style="color:black">Exposure to toxic compounds is a significant risk factor for developmental language disorder (DLD) in children. This review article aims to evaluate and discuss the impact of major toxic compounds, such as phthalates, heavy metals, alcohol, smoking, and substance abuse on DLD.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Methods: </span></b><span style="color:black">In this review, we analyzed research data from studies conducted between 1990 and 2024. We searched relevant MeSH terms in international databases, resulting in the identification of 312 articles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 42 articles were selected for analysis.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Results: </span></b><span style="color:black">The evaluated toxic compounds were found to affect children with DLD. Two main routes of children&#39;s exposure to toxic compounds were identified: indirect exposure through mothers during pregnancy and direct exposure through other babies after birth. It was observed that essential metals for the body&#39;s metabolism, such as zinc and selenium, have inverse relationships with DLD, unlike toxic metals.</span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" times=""><b><span style="color:black">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="color:black">To minimize DLD risks, it is crucial to reduce children&rsquo;s exposure to toxic compounds. It is recommended to measure levels of toxic compounds in pregnant mothers&#39; blood during the last trimester and again at six months after the babies&#39; birth. Cases with high levels of toxic compounds should be followed by clinical and laboratory examinations to minimize or prevent language development delays in children.</span></span></span></span></span> Developmental language disorder, Neurodevelopmental , Specific language impairment, Toxic compounds 37 44 http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1305-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Amir Shiani amir.shiani.slp@gmail.com 100319475328460017229 100319475328460017229 No Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Borhan Mansouri borhanmansouri@yahoo.com 100319475328460017230 100319475328460017230 No Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Amir Kiani amir1kiani@yahoo.com 100319475328460017231 100319475328460017231 No Regenerative Medicine Research Center (RMRC), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Tooraj Massahi Toorajmassahi@gmail.com 100319475328460017232 100319475328460017232 No Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Abdullah Khalid Omer abdullah78@yahoo.com 100319475328460017233 100319475328460017233 No Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Kiomars Sharafi kio.sharafi@gmail.com 100319475328460017234 100319475328460017234 Yes Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Kamran Tavakol mercieditors@gmail.com 100319475328460017235 100319475328460017235 No College of Medicine, Howard University. Washington, DC, USA.