en عمومى General پژوهشي Research <strong>Background:</strong> <em>Xylopia aethiopica </em>is highly reputed for its numerous medicinal properties. In the present study, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and toxicity profile of methanol seed extract of Nigerian <em>X. aethiopica</em> in rat were evaluated.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> Phytochemical compositions were evaluated using standard procedures. The antibacterial study was carried out using agar well diffusion method, while antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay. Twenty-five rats (5 each) were given 0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bwt of the extract orally for 28 days.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The extract had total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of 15.98&plusmn;0.03mg GAE/g and 2.29&plusmn;0.02 mg/g CE respectively. The extract had IC₅₀ values of 52.45&plusmn;3.05 &micro;g/mL and 73.45&plusmn;3.89 &mu;g/mL in DPPH and FRAP assay respectively. The <em>E. coli </em>showed the highest susceptibility (20.27&plusmn;0.90mm) while <em>P.&nbsp;aeuruginisa</em> showed the least (15.08&plusmn;0.20mm)<em>.</em> The MIC ranged from 25-50 &micro;g/mL while MBC ranged between 50&micro;g/mL and 100 &micro;g/mL. In comparison with the control rats, the levels of serum creatinine, bicarbonate total proteins, albumin, and ALP were significantly higher in rat dosed 600 mg/kg bwt while urea decreases in rat dose 300 and 600 mg/kg. However, serum concentration of ALT, AST, bilirubin, Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl^- compared favorably (<em>P</em>>0.05) with control at all doses.<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study revealed the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Nigerian <em>X. aethiopica</em>, the extract at 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg/b.wt did not provoke toxic effects to the animals&rsquo; liver and kidney; however, caution should be exercised when using as a prolonged oral remedy at high doses. Antibacterial, Anti-Oxidants, Flavonoids Xylopia aethiopica, Phenolics, Toxicity 51 58 http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-516-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Abubakar Awwal Yusuf 100319475328460011243 100319475328460011243 No Department of Biochemistry, IBB University Lapai, Lapai, Niger State. Bashir Lawal bashirlawal12@gmail.com 100319475328460011244 100319475328460011244 Yes Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. Mumeen Abdulganeey Yusuf 100319475328460011245 100319475328460011245 No MSc of Biochemistry, National Cereal Research Institute, Badeggi, Nigeria. emisi Omotayo Omonije 100319475328460011246 100319475328460011246 No Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. Arogbokun Opeyemi Adejoke 100319475328460011247 100319475328460011247 No MSc of Biochemistry, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja Nigeria. Feyisara Habibat Raji 100319475328460011248 100319475328460011248 No Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. Dannana Luke Wenawo 100319475328460011249 100319475328460011249 No Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.