en
jalali
1393
3
1
gregorian
2014
6
1
8
25
online
1
fulltext
en
Quantitative Assessment of Bisphenol A in Multiple Brands of Bottled Drinking Water in Iran
Quantitative Assessment of Bisphenol A in Multiple Brands of Bottled Drinking Water in Iran
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the hazardous materials causing disruption of endocrine pathways. Due to water contamination by this component from multiple sources and the associated health problems, BPA has been the focus of multiple studies. It has been proved that BPA may cause harm because of its impact on estrogenic receptors in human and other organisms.
Methods: In this study, the presence of Bisphenol A in bottled drinking water in Iran was evaluated by solid phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography (GC). Compared to other studies measuring the level of Bisphenol A in milk, surface water, and wastewater, the present study focused on the levels of Bisphenol A in bottled drinking water to determine the safety risk level of BPA as a possible public health issue.
Results: The results showed no evidence of BPA at levels above the standard within all analyzed samples.
Conclusion: It seems that BPA is a low-risk component in bottled drinking water.
Bisphenol A, Bottled Drinking Water, Gas Chromatography, Iran, Solid Phase Extraction.
Bisphenol A, Bottled Drinking Water, Gas Chromatography, Iran, Solid Phase Extraction.
1037
1040
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-155&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/22
1393/2/2
2014/04/22
1393/2/2
Mahmood
Alimohammadi
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
محمود
علی محمدی
0031947532846003119
0031947532846003119
No
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Maryam
Mehrabbegi
Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
مریم
محراب بیگی
0031947532846003120
0031947532846003120
No
Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Shahrokh
Nazmara
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
شاهرخ
نظم آرا
0031947532846003121
0031947532846003121
No
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohsen
Haghighi Dashtappeh
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
محسن
حقیقی
0031947532846003122
0031947532846003122
No
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Vahid
Kazemi Moghaddam
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
وحید
کاظمی مقدم
vahidkazemi29@yahoo.com
0031947532846003123
0031947532846003123
Yes
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
en
Application of Cold-Induced Aggregation Microextraction Based on Ionic Liquid for Determination of Trace Amount of Cadmium and Lead in Powder Milk Samples
Application of Cold-Induced Aggregation Microextraction Based on Ionic Liquid for Determination of Trace Amount of Cadmium and Lead in Powder Milk Samples
Background: cold-induced aggregation micro extraction based (CIAME) based on ionic liquid was used as a rapid and simple method for determination trace amounts of cadmium and lead in milk powder by analysis with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).
Methods: Sample solution containing of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in dynamic range, phosphate buffer (pH = 9, 3 ml), diethyl dithiocarbamate (complexing agent), Triton X-100, NaPF6 ,[HMIM][PF6] (extraction solvent) were transferred into conical bottom glass tube. Sample was kept in a thermostated bath and then ice bath a cloudy solution was formed. Two phases separated by centrifugation. After removing of aqueous phase, IL-phase was dissolved in methanol and diluted was injected to the FAAS by microsampler introduction.
Results: ILs, containing imidazoliumcation and hexafluoro phosphate anion, [HMIM][PF6](70mg), 200 mg NaPF6 ,0.01 mol.L-1 DDTC, 0.015% of Triton X-100 obtained, pH 9 and centrifuge time 5 min (4000 rmp) was chosen. Detection limit were obtained 0.12 µgL-1, 1.61µgL-1, RSD 0.95%, 2.2% and enrichment factor of 70, 67 for Cd and Pb, respectively. Conclusion: CIAME allows determination of cadmium and lead in real samples in a simple, rapid and safe method with only a small amount of ionic liquid was used. In comparison with the organic solvent extraction, CIAME is much safer and the determination of species in high ionic strength samples is possible.
Cadmium, CIAME, IL, Lead.
Cadmium, Lead, IL, CIAME.
1041
1047
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-159&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/2
1393/3/12
Mostafa
Delavar
Department of Pharmacology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
مصطفی
دلاور
0031947532846003144
0031947532846003144
No
Department of Pharmacology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Majid
Ramezani
Department of Chemistry, Arak Branch Islamic- Azad University, Arak, Iran.
مجید
رمضانی
mramazani@iau-arak.ac.ir
0031947532846003145
0031947532846003145
Yes
Department of Chemistry, Arak Branch Islamic- Azad University, Arak, Iran.
Mahdi
Abdollahi
MSc, Expert of Control Laboratory Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak's Medical Sciences University.
مهدی
عبدالهی
0031947532846003146
0031947532846003146
No
MSc, Expert of Control Laboratory Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak's Medical Sciences University.
Atefeh
Navabi
MSc, Expert of Control Laboratory Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak's Medical Sciences University.
عاطفه
نوابی
0031947532846003147
0031947532846003147
No
MSc, Expert of Control Laboratory Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak's Medical Sciences University.
Abdolreza
Baderestani
MSc, Expert of Control Office on Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak’s Medical Sciences University.
عبدالرضا
بادرستانی
0031947532846003148
0031947532846003148
No
MSc, Expert of Control Office on Food and Beverage, Decorative, Hygienic Products of Arak’s Medical Sciences University.
Shoukofeh
Hadavand
MSc, Chemistry Expert Advisor, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
شکوفه
هداوند
0031947532846003149
0031947532846003149
No
MSc, Chemistry Expert Advisor, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Masoodeh
Sadeghi
MSc, Chemistry Expert Advisor, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
مسعوده
صادقی
0031947532846003150
0031947532846003150
No
MSc, Chemistry Expert Advisor, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
en
Assessment of Anodonta cygnea as a Biomonitor Agent for Copper and Zinc in Anzali Wetland, Iran
Assessment of Anodonta cygnea as a Biomonitor Agent for Copper and Zinc in Anzali Wetland, Iran
Background: Anzali wetland has been subjected to high levels of pollution due to contamination from several industrial sites in addition to agricultural chemicals. Mussels have been widely used for monitoring pollution in aquatic ecosystems, because they, as filter feeders, bioaccumulate pollutants. Therefore we decided to evaluate Anodonta cygnea for its application as a bio-monitor for copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Methods: A. cygnea specimens and their surface sediments were gathered from three locations in Anzali wetland. Afterwards, the collected samples (the soft tissues and shells of A. cygnea as well as surface sediments) were analyzed for Cu and Zn by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Model 670G).
Results: The Cu and Zn concentrations in the sediments obtained from Anzali wetland were in the range of 21.05 to 25.53 for copper and 37.84 to 82.26 μg g-1 dw for zinc. The Cu and Zn levels in the soft tissue were 1.09-1.5 times and 5-7.3 times, respectively, higher than those of the shells. The CV values (%) in the soft tissues and shells were 36 and 53 for Cu, and 53.5 and 150.3 for Zn respectively.
Conclusions: The lower Zn variability (CV) in the soft tissues of A. cygnea and significant correlation between Zn levels in the soft tissues of A. cygnea and the surface sediments indicated that the soft tissues of A. cygnea are more appropriate for bio-monitoring of Zn. Cu concentration in the sediment and Zn levels in the soft tissues were found to be comparatively higher than some of the international standards of reference.
Anodonta, Chemical Water Pollutants, Copper, Iran, Wetlands, Zinc.
Anodonta, Chemical Water Pollutants, Copper, Iran, Wetlands, Zinc.
1048
1053
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-158&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/12
1393/2/22
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/12
1393/2/22
Saeed
Ganjali
Young Researchers & Elite Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
سعید
گنجعلی
said.ganjali@gmail.com
0031947532846003057
0031947532846003057
Yes
Young Researchers & Elite Club, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
Alierza
Ildoromi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamedan, Iran.
علیرضا
ایلدرمی
0031947532846003058
0031947532846003058
No
Department of Environmental Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamedan, Iran.
Samar
Mortazavi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamedan, Iran.
ثمر
مرتضوی
0031947532846003059
0031947532846003059
No
Department of Environmental Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamedan, Iran.
en
Initial Management of Poisoned Patients in Emergency Medical Services and Non-poisoning Hospitals in Tehran: The Comparison between Expected and Performed Managements
Initial Management of Poisoned Patients in Emergency Medical Services and Non-poisoning Hospitals in Tehran: The Comparison between Expected and Performed Managements
Background: There is no clear data on the adherence of emergency medical services (EMS) paramedics and hospital staff rather than those working in poisoning centers to the guidelines for managing acutely poisoned patients in developing countries.
Methods: During a 6-month period, all EMS-managed poisoned patients along with those initially managed in a non-poisoning center before being referred to a poisoning hospital in Tehran, Iran, were instructed. Then the indications for administrating the activated charcoal (AC) as well as performing gastric lavage (GL) and tracheal intubation were studied and compared to the recommended guidelines.
Results: A total of 3347 cases, including 1859 males (55.6%), were evaluated. There were significant differences between expected and performed endotracheal intubations in both EMS and other medical centers (P-value = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively) as well as the administration of GL and AC in other medical centers (P-values= 0.003 and 0.03, respectively).
Conclusion: More extensive educational programs should be established to improve the preliminary management of poisoned patients performed by EMS paramedics and staff of hospitals other than poisoning centers.
Activated Charcoal, Endotracheal Intubation, Gastric Lavage, Iran, Management, Poisoning.
Activated Charcoal, Endotracheal Intubation, Gastric Lavage, Iran, Management, Poisoning.
1054
1059
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-160&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/2
1393/3/12
Hossein
Hassanian-Moghadam
Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
حسین
حسنیان مقدم
0031947532846003060
0031947532846003060
No
Department of Clinical Toxicology, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Reza
Zarei
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
محمدرضا
زارعی
0031947532846003061
0031947532846003061
No
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Vahid
Eslami
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
وحید
اسلامی
0031947532846003062
0031947532846003062
No
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Ali
Zandieh
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
علی
زندیه
0031947532846003063
0031947532846003063
No
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gohar
Fakhfouri
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
گوهر
فخفوری
0031947532846003064
0031947532846003064
No
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Marjan
Rasouli
School of Nursing, Islamic Azad University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
مرجان
رسولی
mhr_rasouli@yahoo.com
0031947532846003065
0031947532846003065
Yes
School of Nursing, Islamic Azad University of Qom, Qom, Iran.
Patricia
Khashayar
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
پاتریشیا
خشایار
0031947532846003066
0031947532846003066
No
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Reza
Rasouli
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
محمدرضا
رسولی
0031947532846003067
0031947532846003067
No
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
en
The Renal Protective Effects of Corn Silk and Feijoa by using in situ Rat Renal System
The Renal Protective Effects of Corn Silk and Feijoa by using in situ Rat Renal System
Background: Corn silk (CS) is widely used in Iranian traditional medicine and Feijoa sellowiana(FS) is a native plant widespread in the Southern parts of Iran. The aim of the present study was to assess renal protective activities of CS and FS against dosage induced injury by ecstasy (MDMA) using insitu rat renal perfusion (IRRP) system.Methods: Hydro-alcoholic extract of CS and FS (10, 20, 40 and 100 mg/ kg) was studied for its renal protective activity by IRRP system. The kidneys were perfused with Kerbs-Henseleit buffer, containing different concentration of hydro-alcoholic (HA) extract of CS and FS (10, 20, 40, 50,100mg/kg) for 2 hours. During the perfusion, urea, creatinine and Glutathione (GSH) levels were assessed as indicators of renal viability. Consequently, sections of renal tissues were examined for any histopathological changes.
Results: The results showed that histopathological changes in renal tissue were related to HA extract of CS and FS concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. GSH levels in samples perfused by HA extract of CS and FS increased compared to the positive control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Renal protective effects of CS and FS are due to decreased lipid peroxidation, although other mechanisms may also be involved.
Acute Renal Injury,Corn Silk, Ecstasy (Mdma), Feijoa, Glutathione.
Acute Renal Injury,Corn Silk, Ecstasy (Mdma), Feijoa, Glutathione.
1060
1067
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-157&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/12
1393/2/22
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/12
1393/2/22
Mohammad
Karami
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
محمد
کرمی
toxkarami@gmail.com.
0031947532846003510
0031947532846003510
Yes
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Mohammad
Shokerzadeh
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
محمد
شکرزاده
0031947532846003511
0031947532846003511
No
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Farshad
Naghshvar
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
فرشاد
نقشور
0031947532846003512
0031947532846003512
No
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
Shahram
Ala
Department of Clinical pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
شهرام
علا
0031947532846003513
0031947532846003513
No
Department of Clinical pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
Reza
Fezbakhsh
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
رضا
فیض بخش
0031947532846003514
0031947532846003514
No
Department of Toxicopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Anahita
Nosrati
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
آناهیتا
نصرتی
0031947532846003515
0031947532846003515
No
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari ,Iran.
Marjan
Makhloogh
Institute of experimental animal research (IEAR), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
مرجان
مخلوق
0031947532846003516
0031947532846003516
No
Institute of experimental animal research (IEAR), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
en
Leachate and Pollution Levels of Heavy Metals in the Groundwater near Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site of Mashhad, Iran
Leachate and Pollution Levels of Heavy Metals in the Groundwater near Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Site of Mashhad, Iran
Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the concentration of metals (lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and nickel) in the landfill leachate and heavy metals in wells downstream of municipal solid waste landfill site in the city of Mashhad. Methods: In both winter and summer seasons in 2009 samples were collected from five wells that were in landfill downstream in Mashhad.
Results: Among heavy metals, nickel concentration in summer and lead concentration in winter had the highest levels. The results showed that the mean concentration of heavy metals in the studied wells was below the national standards of drinking water of Iran, WHO, and the United States. Pearson correlation coefficients also indicated that there was a significant correlation among the studied metals in the wells.
Conclusion: Cd and Cu concentrations in all of the wells (except Pb in winter and Ni in summer) did not pose any significant water quality problems since these concentrations were below the standards acceptable levels of drinking water.
Contamination, Landfill, Leachate, Metals, Quality Water.
Contamination, Landfill, Leachate, Metals, Quality Water.
1068
1072
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-161&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/2
1393/3/12
Borhan
Mansouri
Kurdistan Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
برهان
منصوری
0031947532846003141
0031947532846003141
No
Kurdistan Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Javad
Salehi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
جواد
صالحی
javad.salehi.sky@gmail.com
0031947532846003142
0031947532846003142
Yes
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
Mehri
Rezaei
PhD Student, Iranian national institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
مهری
رضایی
0031947532846003143
0031947532846003143
No
PhD Student, Iranian national institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
en
Protective Role of Royal Jelly in Oxymetholone-induced Oxidative Injury in Mouse Testis
Protective Role of Royal Jelly in Oxymetholone-induced Oxidative Injury in Mouse Testis
Background: An adverse effect of oxymetholone (OXM), an anabolic-androgenic steroid used as energetic medicine, is reproductive toxicity. Royal jelly (RJ) is an efficient antioxidant that has been used to treat reproductive problems. In this study, we investigated the effects of RJ on OXM-induced oxidative injuries in mouse testes.
Methods: Male mice were divided into four groups. Two groups of mice were administered OXM (5 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 days. One of these groups received RJ (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) concurrently. A vehicle-treated control group and a RJ control group were also included.
Results: The OXM-treated group showed a significant decrease in the serum testosterone concentration and spermatogenic activities, along with many histological alterations. OXM treatment also caused a significant decrease in catalase activity with an increase in lipid peroxidation in the mouse testes. The above-noted parameters were restored to near normal levels by RJ co-administration. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that RJ protects against OXM-induced reproductive toxicities.
Mouse, Oxymetholone, Royal Jelly, Testis.
Mouse, Oxymetholone, Royal Jelly, Testis.
1073
1080
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-162&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/2
1393/3/12
Gholamreza
Najafi
Department of Basic Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
غلامرضا
نجفی
0031947532846003078
0031947532846003078
No
Department of Basic Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Vahid
Nejati
Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
وحید
نجاتی
0031947532846003079
0031947532846003079
No
Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Ali
Shalizar Jalali
Department of Basic Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
علی
شالیزار جلالی
a.shalizar@urmia.ac.ir
0031947532846003080
0031947532846003080
Yes
Department of Basic Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Ensieh
Zahmatkesh
Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
انسیه
زحمتکش
0031947532846003081
0031947532846003081
No
Department of Biology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
en
The Possible Effects of Methadone Maintenance Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in Male Addicts Visiting MMT Centers of Rasht
The Possible Effects of Methadone Maintenance Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in Male Addicts Visiting MMT Centers of Rasht
Background: Methadone is considered a long-acting opioid agonist which is widely used in the treatment of drug addiction. It is believed that opioids can cause erectile dysfunction (ED) by inhibiting gonadotropin and testosterone release. This study is aimed at defining the possible effects of conservative treatment with methadone on erectile dysfunction in the addicts.
Methods: A total of 382 male addicts visiting methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) centers in Rasht, Iran, during 2010 were enrolled in this study. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire and patients' profiles were the main means of collecting data on demographic information, methadone dose intake, and erectile function status before and after the two months of therapy with methadone. Erectile function status was defined by the total score from questions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 15 of the questionnaire. The data was analyzed by X2, McNemer’s test, and paired t-test using SPSS software 18.
Results: The mean age of patients was 37.6 ± 8.9 years (range: 18-72 years). Most of the patients were married (79.3%) and they were citizens of Rasht (72.3%). The most frequent substances were opium (188 patients, 49.2%) and crack (129 patients, 33.8%), respectively. Most of the patients received low dose methadone (286 patients, 74.9%). No significant relationship was indicated comparing the average scores of erectile function before and after taking methadone (18.53±6.978 vs. 19.03±5.819) (P=0.138). However, the severity of erectile dysfunction was significantly related to the methadone intake dose (P<0.001). Conclusion: Although MMT increases the frequency of erectile dysfunction, appropriate doses of methadone minimize this effect.
Addiction, Erectile Dysfunction, Methadone Maintenance Therapy, Rasht
Addiction, Erectile Dysfunction, Methadone Maintenance Therapy, Rasht
1081
1085
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-156&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/11
1393/2/21
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/11
1393/2/21
Morteza
Rahbar Taramsari
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
مرتضی
رهبر طارمسری
0031947532846003171
0031947532846003171
No
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Alireza
Badsar
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
علیرضا
بادسار
badsar@gums.ac.ir
0031947532846003172
0031947532846003172
Yes
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
, Siavash
Falahatkar
Department of Urology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
سیاوش
فلاحتکار
0031947532846003173
0031947532846003173
No
Department of Urology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Hadi
Movassagh
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
هادی
موثق
0031947532846003174
0031947532846003174
No
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
Morteza
Fallah KarKan
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
مرتضی
فلاح کارکان
0031947532846003175
0031947532846003175
No
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
Sina
Montazeri
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
سینا
منتظری
0031947532846003176
0031947532846003176
No
Medical student of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran.
Hamidreza
Molazade
Radiology Resident Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
حمیدرضا
مولازاده
0031947532846003177
0031947532846003177
No
Radiology Resident Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
en
Investigation of Acute Toxicity Diazinon, Deltamethrin, Butachlor and pretilachlor on Zebra Cichlid (Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus)
Investigation of Acute Toxicity Diazinon, Deltamethrin, Butachlor and pretilachlor on Zebra Cichlid (Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus)
Background: The presence of pesticide due to the huge demand for agricultural purposes is very prevalent in surface waters of Iran. These pesticides could finally accumulate in aquatic ecosystems and have been proved to have toxic effects on aquatic animals. The aim of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of Diazinon, Deltamethrin, Butachlor and Pretilachlor on Zebra Cichlid (Cryptoheros nigrofasciatus).
Methods: Fish samples were exposed to different concentrations of Diazinon (60%) (0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 ppm), Deltamethrin (2.5%) (0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.40 ppm), butachlor (60%) (0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 ppm) and pretilachlor (50%) (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 ppm) for 96 h within the 100 L glass aquaria and cumulative mortality of Zebra Cichlid fish was calculated in 24-h interval.
Results: The very low LC50 obtained for diazinon (5.06±0.37 ppm), deltamethrin (0.15±0.39 ppm), butachlor (8.93±0.26 ppm) and pretilachlor (20.72±0.58 ppm) indicated that these are highly toxic chemicals.
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that deltamethrin and pretilachlor had the lowest and highest rate of mortality on the Zebra Cichlid respectively.
Butachlor, Deltamethrin, Diazinon, LC50, Pretilachlor, Zebra Cichlid.
Butachlor, Deltamethrin, Diazinon, LC50, Pretilachlor, Zebra Cichlid.
1086
1092
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-163&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/112014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/112014/06/2
1393/3/12
Ali
Sadeghi
MSc Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
علی
صادقی
sadeghi.a_shilat@yahoo.com
0031947532846003124
0031947532846003124
Yes
MSc Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Aliakbar
Hedayati
Department of Fishery, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
علی اکبر
هدایتی
0031947532846003125
0031947532846003125
No
Department of Fishery, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
en
A middle age addicted man with caustic stomach
A middle age addicted man with caustic stomach
Background: The term caustic generally refers to alkaline and the term corrosive generally refers to acidic agents' injury however, in medical literature caustic is frequently a term applied to both substances. Ingested alkali typically damage the esophagus more than stomach or duodenum, whereas acids usually cause more severe gastric injury. Since esophagus has a slightly alkaline pH, its epithelium is more resistant to acids, so that only 6 to 20% of those who ingest these substances present lesions in this organ. Case : A middle-aged addicted man who drunk hydrochloric acid accidentally had extensive necrosis of the stomach with remarkable sparing of the esophagus on second look exploration. A total gastrectomy with a Roux-en-Y esophago-jejunostomy with feeding jejunostomy was performed.
Conclusion : In caustic GI injury, patients who are operated on and found to have no evidence of extensive esophago-gastric necrosis, a biopsy of the posterior gastric wall should be performed to exclude occult injury. If histologically there is a question of viability, a second look operation should be performed within 36 hours.
Acids,Caustics, Chemical Burns, Esophagus, Stomach Diseases/Chemically Induced.
Acids,Caustics, Chemical Burns, Esophagus, Stomach Diseases/Chemically Induced.
1093
1097
http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2-164&slc_lang=en&sid=1
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/112014/06/22014/06/2
1393/3/12
2014/04/222014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/05/122014/06/22014/06/22014/05/112014/06/22014/06/2
1393/3/12
Gholamreza
Nouri Broujerdi
Department of surgery, Amir Almomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
غلامرضا
نوری بروجردی
rezanouri51@yahoo.com
0031947532846003170
0031947532846003170
Yes
Department of surgery, Amir Almomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Iran.