Showing 9 results for Esmaili
Jaber Aazami, Abbas Esmaili-Sari , Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri , Nader Bahramifar,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Autumn 2010)
Abstract
Background: Present study was carried out in north of Iran to investigate the concentration of mercury (Hg) as one of the most toxic metals in tissues of two species of birds.
Methods: In this study, 15 birds from coot (Fulica atra) and 18 birds from cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) were hunted in Anzali and Gomishan wetlands. Data-analyses carried out using SPSS software version 17 licenced by Tarbiat Modares University. Data-test normality performed based on Sharpiro-Wilk’s test and P-value was set on P<0.05.
Results: Based on the study, for two species, mercury concentration in feather was in maximal and in muscles it was in minimal concentration. For coot muscles, kidney, liver tissues and feathers, it was 0.03, 0.07, 0.09, and 0.23 mg/kg, and for cormorant it was 2.26, 3.59, 5.67, and 8.68 mg/kg. In general, mercury (Hg) concentrations in coot were lower than cormorant (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between them in terms of sex (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: Concentration of mercury was not the same in two species. Statistical analysis didnot show a significant differences between male and female tissues of them.Our data can contribute to develop management programs for understanding the ecotoxicological status of the Caspian basin and its coastal environment.
Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri, Narjes Okati, Abbas Esmaili-Sari,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Autumn 2010)
Abstract
Background: Mercury (Hg) is a hazardous metal responsible for environmental contamination and human intoxication. Methyl mercury bio-accumulation through food chain can be responsible for chronic mercury exposure of South Caspian Sea communities with a diet rich in fish. Uncertainties about exposure levels that could have damaging consequences for nervous system development of infants makes bio-monitoring of Hg a necessity in Southern Caspian Sea populations.
Methods: Mercury concentration in the hair of 70 pairs of mothers and their breastfed infants were assessed and its relationship with influencing factors was evaluated.
Results: Calculated levels of mercury exposure of both infants and mothers indicated concentrations less that the recommended levels by WHO and EPA reference. Total mean mercury concentrations in infants hair was 0.48±0.32 μg / g and for mothers was 0.19±0.09 μg / g. Correlation analysis showed that mercury concentration in the hair of infants was significantly (P=0.002, R=0.371) associated with mercury levels in the hair of their mothers. The influence of other variables such as living location, age of mothers, infants‘ sex, weight, the amount of fish and sea food consumption of mother, and the number of dental amalgam fillings, were examined as well as.
Conclusion: The amount of fish and sea food consumption by mothers and the living location were the variables that significantly affected hair mercury concentrations of mothers and infants. Also the age of infants (p=0.02) and the number of dental amalgam fillings of mothers (p=0.016) significantly affected the hair mercury levels in infants. Hair
Jaber Aazami , Abbas Esmaili- Sari , Nader Bahramifar , Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri, Amir Mohammad Kazemifar,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (Winter 2011)
Abstract
Background: Contagion of aquatic ecosystems to heavy metals especially mercury (Hg) has risen concerns about healthiness of marine organisms. Organic mercury compounds are highly toxic for animals, and its detection in various samples is frequently needed. In present study we have described a new method for measurement of organic mercury and total mercury concentration in great cormorants (phalacrocorax carbo) of southern coasts of Caspian Sea. Also, resultant values have been compared with world health standards.
Methods: 18 great cormorants were hunted randomly in southern coasts of Caspian Sea during March 2009. Analysis of organic and total mercury was performed on samples from their liver, kidney and muscle, with Advanced Mercury Analyzer (Model Leco, AMA 254) for the first time in Iran. This method can be used for others biota.
Results: Mean concentrations of total mercury were 5.67, 3.59 and 2.26 mg/kg in animal liver, kidney and muscle respectively from which 82, 79 and 58 percent were comprised from organic mercury respectively. Comparison of resultant figures showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) but no differences were found between different sexes (P=0.69).
Conclusion: Total mercury concentrations in tissues of great cormorant were outstandingly higher than WHO, FAO and EPA standards. It is a serious threat for end users of the bird meat especially insubstantial humans.
Vida Ayatollahi, Shokoufeh Behdad, Hamid Oliwiaie, Mohammad Reza Hajiesmaili, Maryam Dehghan, Omid Mehrpour,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (Winter 2011)
Abstract
Background: Narcotic abuse by people accounts for major problems for developing countries such as Iran. Acute narcotic poisoning is one of the major mortality causes in these patients. The present study was designed to assess the clinical signs and symptoms of patients with narcotic poisoning at hospitals of Yazd.
Methods: In this study, 500 patients with narcotic poisoning were assessed from November 2007 to September 2010. Data were obtained from the patients’ files and the statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS version. 16.
Results: Men presented greater signs and symptoms of narcotic poisoning. Of all patients, 39% aged between 20 and 29 and 14.2% aged between 30 and 39. The greatest narcotic usage was reported for methadone (39%) and opium (22.4%), respectively. Respiratory depression was seen in 47.4% of the patients and 15.2% of them needed intubation and mechanical ventilation. Intubation rates were higher in poisoning with heroin (31.6%) and methadone (33.3%), respectively. Among our patients, 8.4% had seizure which was mostly seen in tramadol (28.4%) and heroin (13.7%) users, respectively. Sever decreased consciousness was seen in 25.4% of the patients and poisoning with heroin (40%) and methadone (33.3%) had the highest frequencies in this regard. In this study, mortality rate was 1.4%.
Conclusion: Poisoning symptoms and complications such as respiratory depression, mechanical ventilation, seizure, and CNS depression were prevalent. Proper management of such cases of poisoning can decrease the incidence of complications and mortality rate
Sharif Joorabian Shooshtari, Mojtaba Shirood Najafi, Neda Khosravi, Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri, Abbas Esmaili Sari,
Volume 5, Issue 12 (Spring & Summer 2011)
Abstract
Background: Mercury (Hg) is considered a global pollutant because Hg0 which is the predominant form of atmospheric Hg resides in the atmosphere for as long as 0.5 to 2 years. Mercury has many negative effects on the reproductive, respiratory, and immune systems.
Methods: In this study, 24 Caspian lampreys (Caspiomyzon wagneri) were transported to the university laboratory and then stored in -20 oC until they were dissected. The liver, muscle, skin, ovaries, and testes were all dissected out. All samples were freeze-dried and ground by a mortar and pestle into powder. The specimens were analyzed by a Leco AMA254 mercury analyzer.
Results: The order of mercury concentration in the lamprey tissues was as follows: Muscle > ovaries > liver > skin > testes. The mean values of mercury in muscle and testes were 192.25 ± 7.10 and 21.42 ± 1.48 Hg ng/g dry weight, respectively. There were no significant differences (N = 24) between the sexes in the Hg level of most tissues except for gonads.
Discussion: A comparison with some ammocoetes of jawless fishes shows a 10 times less concentration than other records. This difference probably is due to non-parasitic behavior and use of various sources of nutrition in other species.
Conclusion: In comparison of other kind of sea lamprey, due to detritivore habits of Caspian lamprey on a very specific part of food web (non-live food only in the sea floor), the supposed species can introduce as a special indicator of mercury and heavy metal levels in the aquatic ecosystem.
Mahboubeh Nozari, Abbas Esmaili-Sari, Alireza Riyahi-Bakhtiyari, Jaber Aazami,
Volume 5, Issue 14 (Autumn 2011)
Abstract
Background: Mercury (Hg) is a major environmental contaminant due to its global ubiquity, tendency to bioaccumulate, and toxicity in wildlife. Mercury accumulation in wetlands threatens critical breeding and foraging habitats of many fish and wildlife species. In this study, mercury concentrations were detected in different tissues of pike.
Methods: To achieve these purposes, 58 pikes (Esox lucius) were hunted from Anzali wetland. Mercury concentration was analyzed by Advanced Mercury Analyzer (Leco, AMA 254). T-test was used to determine any significant differences between muscle and liver samples.
Results: The results revealed a significant difference (t = 0.85) in mercury concentrations between the tissues, whereas no significant differences were found in mercury concentrations between pikes of different sexes.
Conclusion: This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility assessment to recognize bioindicatory index usage and to determine restricted standards to human consumption. Our data can contribute to the development of management programs for understanding the ecotoxicological status of Anzali wetland and can help determine restricted standards for human consumption.
Abbas Esmaili-Sari, Esmail Abdollahzadeh, Sharif Joorabian Shooshtari, Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri,
Volume 5, Issue 15 (Winter 2012)
Abstract
Background: Mercury is widespread and persistent in the environment. One organic form of mercury, Methylmercury (MeHg), can accumulate in the food chain in aquatic ecosystems and lead to high concentrations of MeHg in fish, which, when consumed by humans, can result in an increased risk of adverse effects. Currently, the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has established provisional tolerable weekly intakes (PTWIs) for total mercury at 5 µg/kg body weight and for methylmercury at 1.6 µg/kg body weight. Mercury concentration in blood or hair has been widely used for estimation of methylmercury exposure.
Materials and Methods: In this review article, we calculated methylmercury exposure from hair mercury levels among six subpopulations (i.e. students, dentists, dental nurses, women with amalgam fillings, pregnant women in Mahshahr, and Women of a port town, Mahshahr, Iran). Some of the experiments had been performed by this group in previous years.
Results: The mean exposure level (µg/kg bw/day) in three Iranian groups (dentists, pregnant women, and women in Mahshahr) was higher than RfD and PTWIs.
Conclusion: As people are exposed to methylmercury mainly through their diet, especially from fish and other marine species, pregnant women should reduce fish consumption, especially predatory fish, and dentists should use preventive measures (like masks and gloves).
Mehrzad Bahtouee, Hossein Fatemikia , Khalil Pourkhalili , Euikyung Kim, Hamid Reza Rahimi, Zahra Tavosi, Abdol Hamid Esmaili , Abdollah Hajivandi , Yaghoob Hassan, Ramin Seyedian,
Volume 11, Issue 6 (November-December 2017)
Abstract
Background: Bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis has been accepted as an animal model for fibrosis in rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of saffron aqueous extract on this disorder paving the way for more investigation in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in human.
Methods: Male Wistar rats (250–300 gr) were instilled a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) via intratracheal tube (n=6) in 2015. Sham group received normal saline. Saffron aqueous extract (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) were given orally in two different treated groups with bleomycin for 28 days. Lung Indices was calculated at the end of this experiment. Lung segments fixed in 10% formaldehyde were used for pathological preparation with Hematoxylin & Eosin and trichrome staining.
Results: The body weight was decreased and lung Indices increased in bleomycin group (P<0.5). Bleomycin administration increased myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and finally TNF-α in lung tissue homogenates (P<0.05) compared with sham group. The fibrotic process and thickening of alveolar septa in treated rats with bleomycin were increased by H&E and Masson Trichrome staining. Saffron treatment (50 and 100 mg/kg) attenuated the increase in MDA (264.43±10.4 nmol/g by the higher dose versus 378.4±18.1nmol/g), MPO (0.19±0.03 and 0.13± 0.04 IU/ml versus 0.39.2±0.05 IU/ml) and TNF-α level (18.42±3.7 ng/ml and14.31±3.6 ng /ml versus 35.32±4.2) in lung homogenates compared to bleomycin group (P<0.05). It decreased collagen accumulation and alveolar destructive patterns in pulmonary fibrosis.
Conclusion: This study introduces saffron as novel anti-fibrotic agent against bleomycin-induced fibrosis due to histological examinations and preventive effects on destructive enzyme release in rats.
Mehrzad Bahtouee, Hossein Fatemikia , Ali Movahed , Abdolhamid Esmaili , Yaghoob Hassan , Mohammad Zarei , Ramin Seyedian,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (May-June 2018)
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of saffron and methylprednisolone on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats.
Methods: This study was conducted in Bushehr, southern Iran in 2017.The animals were divided into four groups of five rats each. Three groups were injected with a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg). The fourth group was administered with normal saline at the same volume (200 µl). Saffron extract dissolved in water was given to one group (100 mg /body weight) orally while intraperitoneal injection of methylprednisolone (2.5 mg/kg) injected to another one for 16 days. The rats were sacrificed 28 days following surgery and their right and left lungs were removed and washed for measuring lung indices, myeloperoxidase activities and finally histopathological examination.
Results: Injection of bleomycin caused decrement of body weight aggravated by intraperitoneal methylprednisolone treatment. Lung indices were increased in the bleomycin-treated group compared with the control, while methylprednisolone, unlike saffron, had no preventive effects on it. Both saffron and methylprednisolone treatment prevented the increase in lung myeloperoxidase as a destructive enzyme. In addition, excessive collagen deposition and thickening of alveolar septa were significantly prevented with saffron treatment as compared to methylprednisolone injection following hematoxylin and eosin staining.
Conclusion: Saffron with established antioxidant properties could prevent some detrimental effects in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis even more than methylprednisolone injection known as a standard therapy in this murine model. More investigations must be carried out to examine the beneficial or harmful effects of this remedy.