Showing 2 results for Jokar
Jalal Pourahmad, Farzaneh Jokar, Mariam Rabiei, Peter J.o Brien,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Summer 2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Severe industrial diseases result from the hepatic accumulation of mercury, cadmium or chromium in humans and on the other hand cadmium and dichromate and mercuric salts may induce lung or kidney cancer. Acute or chronic CdCl2, HgCl2 or dichromate administration induces hepatic and nephrotoxicity in rodents. Oxidative stress is often cited as a possible cause of metal induced cell death but the death signaling pathways involved have not yet been well investigated.
Method and Materials: To search for death signaling mechanisms we used accelerated cytotoxicity mechanism screening techniques (ACMS) on isolated rat hepatocytes as our cellular model.
Results: Adding the CdC12, HgC12 or K2Cr2O7 to isolated hepatocytes caused a rapid increase in reactive oxygen species ("ROS") formation and a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential. Then lipid per-oxidation and cell-lysis ensued. Cytotoxicity was prevented by "ROS" scavengers and various inhibitors of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) e.g. cyclosporin A, carnitine or trifluoperazine. Antioxidants prevented hepatocyte lysis induced by CdC12 , K2Cr207 but not HgC12.
Conclusion: Hepatocyte lysis was also prevented by various apoptosis inhibitors e.g. cycloheximide, dactinomycin and a tetrapeptide caspase 3 inhibitor which suggested that metal induced hepatocyte lysis involves apoptotic death signals initiated by MPT and "ROS".
Maryam Akhgari, Farzaneh Jokar, Afshar Etemadi Aleagha,
Volume 5, Issue 12 (Spring & Summer 2011)
Abstract
Background: To determine the role of drugs in fatal overdose, analyses were done on samples obtained from autopsy examination and death and crime scene investigations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of toxicology analyses of postmortem biological and non-biological samples belonging to a subject in determining the forensic cause of death.
Methods: Toxicological analysis were done on 31 cases of fatal drug poisoning accompanied with scene evidence that had been referred to Legal Medicine Organization(LMO) of Iran, Tehran, over 12 months, starting from March 2008. Drugs and ethanol were detected in biological and non-biological samples through toxicological analyses.
Results: Overall, 64.52% of the cases showed the same positive analytical results in both biological and non-biological samples. Opiates were indicated in 65% of the deaths. About two thirds (64.51%) of the cases indicated the involvement of more than one drug (active ingredient). With a sex ratio of 4.16, men composed 80.65% of the study cases. The mean age for male and female victims (mean ± SD) was 34.07±11.93 and 32.67±8.04, respectively, and the majority of the cases (77.42%) were below the age of 40.
Conclusion: There are many important parameters in determining the forensic cause of death, among them autopsy reports, toxicological findings, police information and circumstances surrounding the death are important.
