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Background: Environmental pollutants, such as plastic-derived substances Bisphenol-A and Di-butyl phthalate have been linked to an increase in the occurrence of human health hazards, including dysmetabolic syndrome, i.e., insulin resistance, and organ toxicity. In this syndrome, concurrent risk factors can give rise to cardiovascular disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.  This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of certain plastic compounds against kidneys and liver, and the potential protective role of rutin in rat. Rutin is a natural anti-inflammatory supplement that improves blood circulation and metabolic functions, lowers cholesterol and reduce arthritis pain.
Methods: Eighteen rats were divided randomly into three groups of six each and were treated for 28 days as follows: 1) Control (0.1% DMSO); 2) Bisphenol-A and Dibutyl phthalate, and 3) Bisphenol-A, Dibutyl phthalate and rutin. At the completion of the experimental period, the rats’ hepatic and renal toxicity biomarkers, redox status and lipid profile were measured.
Results: Based the experimental findings, the toxicity of plastic substances increased in gamma-glutamyl transferase, urea, renal MDA and significant reductions in SOD and CAT activities, compared to those of the controls. The total plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels increased. The hepatic total cholesterol, LDL, FFA, TG levels increased. The HDL decreased while the total cholesterol, TG and LDL levels increased in the kidney. However, these biochemical alterations improved significantly by administering rutin supplement to the rats that were pretreated with the plastic compounds.
Conclusions: Flavonoid, rutin, demonstrated hepato-renal protective effect against the toxic effects of plastic compounds.