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Novel Effects of Phycocyanin Extract on the Regulation of Apoptosis Genes in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Mr. Abbas Asoudeh-Fard, Dr. Reza Najafipour, Mr. Amir Hadi Hosseini, Mrs. Faezeh Razi, Dr. Iman Salahshourifar, Dr. Mohammad Zareian Jahromi, Dr. Asghar Parsaei, Dr. Hossein Piri,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (May 2024)
Abstract
Background: Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, second only to cardiovascular disease. Many factors influence the development of cancer, including environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Although the prognosis of colon cancer treatment has improved significantly in recent years, there is still much clinical need to explore new treatment strategies with anticancer and immune-enhancing effects. Phycocyanin (PC) is an important compound isolated from blue-green algae and a well-known antioxidant that suppresses oxidative reactions in cells. It also has other useful functions, such as high efficiency, low toxicity, and antitumor properties. We investigated the potential antiapoptotic effect of PC in vitro on human normal and cancer cell lines.
Methods: Phycocyanin extracted from Streptomyces platensis algae has the potential to become a turning point in pharmaceutical research. In this study, PC was used as a natural anticancer agent and apoptosis activator to increase the expression of the PTEN and Bax genes in HT-29 cancer and normal cells (HUVEC). The effect of treatment with PC was evaluated using an MTT assay and flow cytometry.
Results: The results showed that PC can have apoptotic effects on the human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) by up-regulating PTEN and Bax genes and down-regulating AKT and BCL-2 genes.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, PC can be considered a herbal treatment and a useful supplement in the management of human colorectal cancer.

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