Showing 5 results for Aluminum Phosphide
Fakhredin Taghaddosi Nejad , Ali Banagozar Mohammadi, Behnam Behnoush, Amirmohammad Kazemifar, Maryam Zaare Nahandi, Soheila Dabiran, Mohammad Jamalian, Ali Bani Sheikholeslami,
Volume 6, Issue 16 (4-2012)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Aluminum phosphide as a fumigant is extensively used for wheat preservation from rodents and bugs especially in silos worldwide. There is increasing number of acute intoxication with this potentially lethal compound because of its easy availability. We have tried to locate predictors of poor prognosis in patients with aluminum phosphide intoxication in order to find patients who need more strict medical cares.
Methods: All cases of aluminum phosphide intoxication that had been referred to our hospital during April 2008 to March 2010 were studied by their medical dossiers. Pertinent data including vital signs, demographic features, clinical and lab findings, and incidence of any complication were collected and analyzed by the relevant statistical methods.
Results: Sixty seven cases of aluminum phosphide intoxication were included in the study. 44.8% of them were male. 97% of cases were suicidal. Mean amount of ingestion was 1.23+/- 0.71 tablets. Mortality rate was 41.8%. ECG abnormality and need for mechanical ventilation had negative relation with outcome.
Conclusion: Correlation between some findings and complications with outcome in aluminum phosphide intoxication can be used as guidance for risk assessment and treatment planning in the patients.
Fariba Farnaghi, Haleh Talaie, Zahra Pournasiri, Roksana Sadeghi, Hamid Owliaey, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam, Shahin Shadnia,
Volume 6, Issue 19 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background: Acute intoxication with ALP is extremely lethal. The present study was conducted to determine the range of serum cortisol levels in ALP poisoning and its correlation with patient outcome.
Methods: This study was carried out on patients who were intoxicated with ALP. Their demographic data and pertinent findings in their history and physical examination were recorded at the time of arrival and also when shock and severe metabolic acidosis emerged. 5cc blood was taken from the patients to measure blood cortisol level, when shock and severe metabolic acidosis developed. Blood cortisol level analysis was performed using ELISA method. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 16.0.
Results: The average ingested dose was 1.98+1.79 tablets each containing 3 grams of ALP. Overall, 77% of the patients presented tachycardia and hypotension. Blood cortisol level less than 15 µg/dl, 15-33 µg/dl, and more than 34 µg/dl were regarded as adrenal insufficiency, critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, and adequate adrenal response, respectively. Eventually, 3 patients fell within the first category, 24 patients matched with the second category, and 3 patients corresponded to the last category.
Conclusion: Blood cortisol concentration is satisfactory only in 10% of the patients. In majority of the patients although it is not apparently low, it has not shown the expected rise comparable to the shock and stress state of such patients. It defines a role for corticosteroids therapy in management of ALP poisoning, particularly if it does not respond to conventional treatments.
Ali Banagozar Mohammadi, Maryam Zaare Nahandi, Hassan Solhi,
Volume 7, Issue 20 (4-2013)
Abstract
Background: Intoxication with aluminum phosphide has been prevalent in Iran recently. Lab confirmation of the poisoning is needed in clinical and post-mortem settings. Present study was conducted to determine efficiency and validity of silver nitrate test for detection of aluminum phosphide in samples.
Methods: Information about dead patients with history of aluminum phosphide poisoning referred for medicolegal autopsy was collected during 18 months. Their relationships with result of silver nitrate test was assessed statistically.
Results: 24 patients were studied. Silver nitrate test on samples of intra-abdominal organs was positive in 75% of autopsies, while the test on gastric content was positive in 50%. Relationship between number of ingested tablets and silver nitrate test was statistically significant (p value=0.017).
Conclusion: Results of present study showed that silver nitrate test can be used as a preliminary method for evaluation of patients or dead bodies suspected to be intoxicated with ALP. However, even negative result of silver nitrate test would not preclude ALP poisoning and more definitive quantitative tests such as HS-GC should be ordered, if feasible.
Morteza Rahbar Taramsari, Alireza Badsar, Afshin Shafaghi, Maryam Namakchian Namakin, Hannan Ebrahimi, Morteza Fallah Karkan,
Volume 7, Issue 21 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background: Aluminum phosphide (ALP) or rice tablet is a common agent used as pesticides. It is cheap, widely available and highly toxic and responsible for many cases of poisoning in the agricultural communities. There is limited evidence about change of liver enzymes in patients with ALP poisoning in this region. Therefore, we decided to evaluate alteration of liver enzymes in ALP poisoning in Rasht.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, all documents of patients with ALP poisoning admitted to Razi hospital of Rasht in 2008-2009 were assessed. Inclusion criteria were diagnostic clinical manifestation such as hypotension or metabolic acidosis, history of exposure to ALP during the past 24 hours and progressive signs and symptoms despite treatment (administration of sodium bicarbonate and vasopressor). Patients with past history of hepatic disease were excluded. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS software.
Results: Of 104 patients with ALP poisoning, 66 patients (63.5%) were men. The mean age was 33.8±14.69 years, and the mean time of hospitalization was 14.94±18.28 hours. Ninety-five patients (91.3%) needed ventilation and 93 patients (89.4%) died. Statistical analysis demonstrated that elevated liver enzymes were not significantly related with gender, age, time of admission, time of hospitalization, the need for ventilation and mortality.
Conclusion: It seems that liver enzymes changes is not seen widely in ALP poisoning and had lower importance than other complications. Because of limited studies in liver enzyme alterations in these patients, it is suggested that more studies with largee sample size is performed to investigate the ALP liver side effects.
Prof. Shiva Samsaam Shariat, Prof. Farzad Gheshlaghi, Prof. Shafeajafar Zoofaghari,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (8-2024)
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is considered a novel and promising treatment in cases of poisoning. However, few studies have been conducted on the use of TPE as a treatment in various toxicity cases, especially aluminum phosphide (AlP) poisoning. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of plasmapheresis in the treatment and clinical outcome of patients with AlP poisoning.
Methods: We conducted this randomized controlled clinical trial on 80 patients poisoned with AlP. The control patients (n=58) received only the routine treatment, whereas those in the experimental group (n=22) underwent plasmapheresis in addition to the routine treatment. The plasmapheresis was given to these patients immediately after they had received the routine treatment, within the first six hours of their hospital admission.
Results: The study results revealed that the mean hematocrit level in the plasmapheresis group (34.31±3.31%) was significantly lower than that of patients in the control group (38.05±4.80%) 12 h after the plasmapheresis treatment (P=0.046). Moreover, there were six (27.3%) and 14 (24.1%) cases of mortality in the plasmapheresis group and the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates between the two groups (P=0.778).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, plasmapheresis had a significant effect on increasing the blood HCO3 level within 12 h after the intervention. Therefore, it had a significant role in reducing the resultant acidosis in patients with AlP poisoning; however, this effect did not reduce the mortality rate after plasmapheresis.