Showing 3 results for Occupational Exposure
Zohreh Yazdi, Khosro Sadeghniiat-Haghighi, Omid Aminian,
Volume 6, Issue 17 (7-2012)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background: Occupational exposure studies indicate that formaldehyde exposure causes temporary and consistent effects on industrial workers exposed to formalin.
Case: The case was a 36-year-old man who had developed intravascular hemolytic anemia caused by formalin after inhalation exposure. Formalin is a clear solution of 37% formaldehyde in water. The primary route of exposure to formaldehyde is inhalation. The case was presented with severe Coomb's negative hemolytic anemia with hemoglobinuria and was treated successfully with therapeutic red cell transfusion and exposure removal.
Conclusion: All employers must provide a safe and healthy workplace for prevention of harmful effects of formalin. Elimination of formalin from workplace, implementation of local and general ventilation, and using proper protective equipments are the most effective methods in the workplace.
Bita Dadpour , Reza Afshari , Seyed Reza Mousavi, Sina Kianoush, Mohamad Reza Keramati, Vali Allah Moradi, Mahmood Sadeghi, Faezeh Madani Sani , Mahdi Balali Mood,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (2-2016)
Abstract
Background: Occupational lead poisoning is common in workers of some industries, but lead hepatotoxicity has rarely been reported. Several animal studies have revealed lead induced liver damage but clinical studies concerning the manifestations of lead induced liver toxicity in humans are scares. This study was designed to investigate the clinical manifestations and pathological parameters of hepatic dysfunction and its relationship with blood and urine lead concentrations in a car battery-manufacturing workers.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in Mashhad, Iran, during April-June 2011. One hundred and twelve workers underwent blood and urine sampling for determination of lead concentrations and liver function tests. Clinical signs and symptoms of possible lead hepatotoxicity were investigated.
Results: Mean (±SD) age of the workers was 28.78 (±5.17) yr with a daytime work of 8.67 (±1.41) h and mean work duration of 3.89 (±2.40) yr. Mean blood lead concentration (BLC) and urine lead concentration (ULC) were 398.95 (±177.41) µg/l and 83.67(±50) μg/l, respectively. We found no correlation between the clinical findings and BLC or ULC. A weak correlation (R: 0.27, P=0.087) between serum alkaline phosphatase concentration and BLC was obtained. No significant relationship was found between other liver function tests and BLC or ULC.
Conclusion: We found no specific clinical and laboratory abnormalities of liver in the workers of car battery manufacturer who had chronic lead toxicity. Further investigations with more specific laboratory tests such as LDH5 and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) as well as novel biomarkers of metal induced hepatotoxicity might be helpful in evaluating lead hepatotoxicity.
Rezvan Zendehdel, Shirin Seyed Ghoreyshi, Fatemeh Rajabi, Zohreh Amini, Majid Mahdian Dehkordi, Hakimeh Nouri Parkestani,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (5-2022)
Abstract
Background: Tert-butyl mercaptan is one of the frequently used odorants derived from natural gases. It has been declared as a health hazard by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in the USA. There is not much information available about the mercaptans long-term toxicity secondary to occupational exposure. This study was conducted to evaluate the oxidative stress caused by mercaptan odorant.
Methods: The inhalation exposure of 80 maintenance workers in a gas industry was evaluated, using NIOSH 2542 and samples analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Also, the administrative staff were selected as the unexposed workers with matching age and work experience compared to the exposed subjects. The lipid peroxidation and ferric reducing plasma ability (FRAP), was evaluated as oxidative stress biomarkers. The acetylcholinesterase activity was also assessed for the neurological risks.
Results: The tert-butyl mercaptan exposure was evaluated at average 0.01 ppm (0.005 to 0.15 ppm). There was oxidative stress in maintenance workers along with a significant increase in the lipid peroxidation, and a decrease in FRAP level (P=0.0001). The acetyl cholinesterase activity was decreased in over half of the exposed subjects, and correlated significantly with the tert-butyl mercaptan level (r=-0.4, P=0.026).
Conclusion: There was a correlation between the inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity and the induction of oxidative stress. Based on the findings, the chronic occupational exposure to tert-butyl mercaptan was identified as a health hazard. Therefore, specific health care strategies should be developed to minimize the toxic effect of this chemical.
