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Volume 16, Issue 3 (July 2022)
IJT 2022, 16(3): 153-162 |
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Mohammad Madaki F, Adio Waheed S, Bola Busari M, Olatunji Ibrahim Y, Yusuf Kabiru A, Olofo Ogbadoyi E et al . Antioxidant and Anti-trypanosomal Activities of the Allium Sativum (Garlic) Bulb Aqueous Extract on Trypanosoma Congolense Infected Mice. IJT 2022; 16 (3) :153-162
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1074-en.html
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1074-en.html
Fatima Mohammad Madaki * 
1, Sakariyau Adio Waheed2 , Musa Bola Busari2 , Yunus Olatunji Ibrahim2 , Adamu Yusuf Kabiru3 , Emmanuel Olofo Ogbadoyi3 , Abdullahi Mann3
1, Sakariyau Adio Waheed2 , Musa Bola Busari2 , Yunus Olatunji Ibrahim2 , Adamu Yusuf Kabiru3 , Emmanuel Olofo Ogbadoyi3 , Abdullahi Mann3
1- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. , nmmadaki@gmail.com
2- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
3- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
2- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
3- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract: (2600 Views)
Background: Trypanosomes cause the parasitic condition, which is transmitted by tsetse fly. The disease is characterized by intermittent fever, anemia, and frequent diarrhea. This study examined antioxidant and anti-trypanosomal effects of the aqueous extract of garlic in mice.
Methods: The extract’s phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity were performed based on standard methods. The acute toxicity was evaluated via Lorke’s method and the anti-trypanosomal effect was evaluated in mice at 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg over 16 days.
Results: The screening identified phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and saponins. Phenols were present at the highest amount (291.88±6.12 mg/100g) and alkaloids were present the least (13.66±0.03 mg/100g). At 100 µg/mL, the extract quenched 53.20% of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 12.44 µg/mL. The lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined to be >5000 mg/kg in mice. The extract exhibited high anti-trypanosomal activity at 500 mg/kg and lowered the parasitemia count of 9.7±1.15. This was comparable to the diminazene aceturate activity at 5 mg/kg. The extract at 500 mg/kg significantly increased the packed cell volume and bodyweight of the infected mice. There were no significant differences in many hematological indices comparing the control mice to those that received the extract at 500 mg/kg.
Conclusion: The garlic extract had a significant anti-trypanosomes effect and ameliorated the anemic condition induced by infection with trypanosomes. Therefore, the extract may become a therapeutic candidate for the management of trypanosomal infections.
Methods: The extract’s phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity were performed based on standard methods. The acute toxicity was evaluated via Lorke’s method and the anti-trypanosomal effect was evaluated in mice at 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg over 16 days.
Results: The screening identified phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and saponins. Phenols were present at the highest amount (291.88±6.12 mg/100g) and alkaloids were present the least (13.66±0.03 mg/100g). At 100 µg/mL, the extract quenched 53.20% of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 12.44 µg/mL. The lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined to be >5000 mg/kg in mice. The extract exhibited high anti-trypanosomal activity at 500 mg/kg and lowered the parasitemia count of 9.7±1.15. This was comparable to the diminazene aceturate activity at 5 mg/kg. The extract at 500 mg/kg significantly increased the packed cell volume and bodyweight of the infected mice. There were no significant differences in many hematological indices comparing the control mice to those that received the extract at 500 mg/kg.
Conclusion: The garlic extract had a significant anti-trypanosomes effect and ameliorated the anemic condition induced by infection with trypanosomes. Therefore, the extract may become a therapeutic candidate for the management of trypanosomal infections.
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The Iranian Journal of Toxicology
Arak University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the Iranian Society of Toxicology
Website: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir
Email: tox.journal@gmail.com
