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Volume 19, Issue 4 (October 2025)
IJT 2025, 19(4): 227-234 |
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Ethics code: This research has received ethical legislation number: No.81/EC/KEPK-S2/04/2025
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Aditya M R, Muhammad A R, Astuti T, Sulistomo H W, Nugrahenny D. Pulmonary Toxicity Induced by Subacute Inhalation of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics: Oxidative Stress and NF-κB Pathway Activation in Rat Models. IJT 2025; 19 (4) :227-234
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1477-en.html
URL: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir/article-1-1477-en.html
Muhammad Reva Aditya1 
, Athaya Rahmanardi Muhammad2 , Triwahju Astuti3 , Hikmawan Wahyu Sulistomo *4 , Dian Nugrahenny5
, Athaya Rahmanardi Muhammad2 , Triwahju Astuti3 , Hikmawan Wahyu Sulistomo *4 , Dian Nugrahenny5
1- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
2- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
3- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
4- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia. ,hikmawan_ws@ub.ac.id
5- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
2- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
3- Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
4- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia. ,
5- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
Abstract: (210 Views)
Background: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (MPs) are among the most hazardous types of MPs due to their widespread use and environmental persistence. The increasing production and degradation of PVC MPs pose significant concerns about their adverse effects on living organisms, particularly through inhalation exposure.
Methods: The present study investigated the pulmonary toxicity of PVC MPs in rat models following 28 days of subacute inhalation exposure at a dose of 15 mg/m³. Pulmonary inflammation and tissue morphology were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining for p65 NF-κB and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker.
Results: The results demonstrated that subacute inhalation exposure to PVC MPs significantly increased MDA levels (p<0.05), indicating heightened oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed elevated p65 NF-κB expression (p<0.05), confirming the activation of the inflammatory pathway. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated severe pulmonary tissue damage, including widespread inflammation and structural disruption (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The present work highlights that subacute inhalation of PVC MPs induces pulmonary toxicity through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Methods: The present study investigated the pulmonary toxicity of PVC MPs in rat models following 28 days of subacute inhalation exposure at a dose of 15 mg/m³. Pulmonary inflammation and tissue morphology were evaluated using immunofluorescence staining for p65 NF-κB and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker.
Results: The results demonstrated that subacute inhalation exposure to PVC MPs significantly increased MDA levels (p<0.05), indicating heightened oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed elevated p65 NF-κB expression (p<0.05), confirming the activation of the inflammatory pathway. Histopathological evaluation demonstrated severe pulmonary tissue damage, including widespread inflammation and structural disruption (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The present work highlights that subacute inhalation of PVC MPs induces pulmonary toxicity through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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The Iranian Journal of Toxicology
Arak University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the Iranian Society of Toxicology
Website: http://ijt.arakmu.ac.ir
Email: tox.journal@gmail.com
